The study first set out to address whether the higher proportional mortality previously reported for Pugs with PLE in referral care is also seen in dogs managed only in primary care by looking at 51 cases from VetCompass data.
In the study, 43% of Pugs died presumed due to PLE, with over half of these deaths occurring within three months of diagnosis.
Most deaths were recorded as euthanasia (64%), with the remainder recorded as unassisted deaths.
The underlying cause for the PLE diagnosis in most Pugs in the study was not identified.
Clinical signs at diagnosis commonly included diarrhoea, vomiting, inappetence, lethargy, weight loss and increased drinking.
At the time of death, additional signs reported included pale mucous membranes, seizures and anaemia, which the authors noted have not been reported in the literature previously.
Treatments prescribed were variable and included dietary therapy, prednisolone, clopidogrel, chlorambucil, cyclosporin and/or cobalamin supplementation.
Pugs treated with prednisolone or clopidogrel were significantly more likely to be alive after three months, but this effect did not persist at one or two years after diagnosis.
Dr Aarti Kathrani, lead author of the study, said: “The results of our study will help to increase awareness and highlight the outcome and various causes of death in Pugs with protein-losing enteropathy.
"We hope the results will also help drive much-needed further research into the mechanism, pathophysiology and consequence of this disease, which is needed to help discover effective therapeutic targets that could help improve the prognosis of this guarded condition.”
Reference
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