FOUR great case reports have now been selected for the case report competition at the SAMSOC meeting (see finalised programme below), complementing an exciting & thought provoking programme.
Please note: Registration deadlines for your yearly shot of grade A medicine are approaching....if you are in any way serious about your medicine, don't get left out and register ASAP.
Pre-BSAVA SAMSOC Satellite Meeting - Wednesday April 7th 2010, Hall 10, ICC, Birmingham
8.30 – 9am
Registration
9 – 9.45
Epilepsy: when the (usual) drugs don’t work...
Dr Holger Volk DrMedVet PhD DipECVN MRCVS (RVC, UK-Germany)
9.55 – 10.40
Antimicrobial usage in companion animal practice: facts and moral dilemmas
Dr Susan Dawson BVMS PhD MRCVS (University of Liverpool, UK)
10.40–11.10
Break
11.10-12.05
Case Reports – sponsored by Vetoquinol
1. Abdominal mycetoma in a dog caused by Scedosporium apiospermum 2. Deoxycorticosterone-producing adrenal carcinoma causing signs of mineralocorticoid excess and hypokalaemic myopathy in a dog 3. Colonic candidiasis in a dog
4. Four cases of feline hyperprogesteronism
Rosanne Jepson (RVC)
Ruth Gostelow (RVC)
Caroline Kisielewicz (Glasgow University)
Natasha Hetzel (Bristol University)
12.05 – 1.00
Venous thromboembolism: learning from a human perspective
Dr Nandan Gautam MA, BM ChB, MRCP DICM. Consultant in medicine and critical care. Member of the NICE venous thromboembolism prevention committee (Birmingham UK)
1.00 -2.30
Lunch (till 2.00 for those attending lunch-time session)
2.00-2.30
How to write a successful CertSAM casebook? (optional)
Jon Wray BVSc DSAM CertVC MRCVS (Dick White Referrals, UK)
2.30-3.15
Controversies surrounding treatment of aortic thromboembolism
Dr Matt Beal DVM DipACVECC
(Michigan State University, USA)
3.25-3.35
3.35-4.20
Feline Acromegaly: separating facts from assumptions
Stijn Niessen DVM DipECVIM-CA MRCVS (RVC, UK-Netherlands)
4.30-5pm
AGM and presentation “best case report award” sponsored by Vetoquinol
Satellite meeting fees (lunch is included if you register before March15th 2010)
Members £65, Non members £95. SAMSOC annual membership - £25
If you are interested in joining the society and/ or attending the meeting contact yvonnemcgrotty@hotmail.com
or iab@vetspecialists.co.uk. Details can also be found on the SAMSOC webpage (log onto www.vetsurgeon.org).
Brain Catchpole and Lucy Davidson are collaborating with a number of centres to investigate the genetic basis of several canine endocrine disorders.They are keen to recruit samples (serum and EDTA blood) from dogs suffering from the following disorders:
· neonatal diabetes mellitus (i.e. diabetes onset < 1 yr of age)
· diabetes in high risk breeds (Samoyed, Cairn terrier, Tibetan terrier, Polish Lowland Sheepdog)
· dioestrus diabetes
· lymphocytic thyroiditis / hypothyroidism
· hypoadrenocorticism
Further details can be found in the WIKI of the SAMSOC website
Other projects posted on the SAMSOC website
Stijn Nelson’s Diabetes Treatment Survey for vets, nurses and owners – further details for case recruitment can be found in the WIKI
If you would like to announce recruitment details for a clinical trial, please logo onto to the SAMSoc Wiki or contact a member of the SAMSOC committee.
The Small Animal Medicine Society is pleased to announce the launch of the SAMSOC Travel Scholarship
The scholarship, worth £250, can be awarded to any SAMSOC member undertaking CPD to study a particular aspect of Small Animal Medicine.
Applicants should describe how they would use the award in 300-400 words and are free to choose the topic to be studied. Recipients of the award are required to undertake the CPD within the subsequent 12 months.
Following completion of their trip the winner is required to write a summary article (approx 1000 words) which will be submitted to the Veterinary press for publication and placed on the SAMSOC website.
The award is only open to SAMSOC members.
Applications should be sent to the Ian Battersby ( iab@vetspecialists.co.uk ) to arrive no later than 31st December 2009, the successful applicant will be notified within 6 weeks. The award will be presented at the SAMSOC Meeting on 7th April 2010.
The series, titled "Under pressure: management of feline hypertension and concurrent disease", is available on the Ceva Academy website and consists of eight short videos offering 1.5 hours CPD.
It's presented by Rosanne Jepson BVSc MVetMed PhD DipACVIM DipECVIM PGCertVetEd FHEA MRCVS, professor of small animal internal medicine and nephrology at the Royal Veterinary College (pictured).
The series is designed to help delegates recognise feline hypertension, understand its relationship with conditions including chronic kidney disease and hyperthyroidism, and apply practical, evidence-led management strategies.
It also offers practical guidance on complex case management and an overview of diagnosis and treatment pathways for CKD and hyperthyroidism.
https://ceva.vbms-training.co.uk
Dignipets says that as well as supporting clients, referring this aspect of care to qualified counsellors can also reduce the emotional strain on veterinary teams.
Last year, Dignipets launched a free app for pet carers that offers quality of life scoring tools and a connection with the Dignipets hospice team.
Dignipets says that the app can strengthen the relationship between vet practices and their clients, in a partnership where the vet team provides the best care for the pet, Dignipets provides specialist hospice support and QOL guidance, and the APBC offers professional emotional support for clients, reflecting a more holistic model of veterinary care.
Merel Taal, Founder and Principal Director at Dignipets, said: "Coping with the loss of a pet can be extremely difficult and there is no shame in seeking professional support to get through such a challenging time.
"But what really excites me is that we can now reach pet carers so much sooner - before loss, during those incredibly hard weeks and months of anticipatory grief.
"This is an amazing extra feature that means we hopefully get more pet carers struggling with anticipatory grief the support that they need - sooner."
https://www.dignipets.co.uk
See attachment for info on discounted rates for BSAVA manuals at pre congress meeting
Best wishes
Yvonne
Form attached with details of cost and methods of payment
CALL FOR ABSTRACTS
Do you have an interesting or unusual small animal medicine case/series of cases that would be suitable to present as an oral abstract? The Small Animal Medicine Society (SAMSoc) invites submission of abstracts for short communications at the pre-BSAVA Satellite Meeting on 7th April 2010 in the ICC, Birmingham.
This Competition is open to anyone with an interest in canine or feline medicine. Suitable cases should have interesting discussion points but need not be so unusual that they would be considered publishable.
Three case reports will be selected by the SAMSOC committee for presentation during the meeting (12 minutes plus 3 minute for questions).
Abstracts will not be published for this meeting, so cases/case series that may be presented in final form at other meetings in the future may be presented.
Cases/ case series of interest to the group that have been presented at meetings other than major internal medicine meetings (e.g. ACVIM, ECVIM, BSAVA) may be considered.
Abstracts should be written in Microsoft Word using Times Roman 12-point font. The first line should contain the title in all capitals; the second line all author(s); the third the institution(s) the author(s) are affiliated with; followed by the actual abstract starting as a new paragraph. The print must be black, and the abstract should be no more than 500 words in length (including title, author names and institutions). The line spacing should be 1.5.
Deadline for submission of abstracts is 1st February 2010. Notification of acceptance will be provided by 1st March 2010.
Abstracts may be submitted electronically to Sheena.Warman@bristol.ac.uk or sniessen@rvc.ac.uk (Stijn Niessen)
If an abstract is accepted for presentation, the presenter will receive free registration for the SAMSoc satellite meeting.
In addition, like last year, Vetoquinol are kindly sponsoring prizes for the best abstracts. At the end of the session the audience will vote by ballot for their favourite case report (1st place £300, 2nd place £150, 3rd place £50).
We hope many could contribute to this valuable part of our programme, which could also provide a valuable presenting experience to our young and talented colleagues, yet is open to colleagues of all ages and backgrounds!
The webinar, titled "Not Just a Gut Feeling: The Role of Faecal Testing in Cat and Dog Worm Control", will provide practical insights into how routine faecal testing can support more targeted, evidence-based parasite control strategies.
The programme will cover the most common companion animal parasites encountered in practice, the role of faecal testing and the value it adds for veterinary teams and pet owners, the benefits and limitations of currently available diagnostic methods, future developments in pet parasite testing, and a live Q&A session with Dr Wright.
The webinar will be introduced by Madeleine Bucki BVMedSci BVM BVS MRCVS, who will also provide an overview of Micron Agritech's diagnostic technology, including the launch of the company's new +Pet testing system.
The source text also states that all attendees can enter a prize draw to win a ticket to the London Vet Show 2026.
Registration is free and all attendees can enter a prize draw to win a ticket to the London Vet Show 2026.
https://us06web.zoom.us/webinar/register/6817815210276/WN_myTFq4nHST6mBdvOPOQ5-w
Feline Chronic Kidney Disease: Use of oral phosphate binders -
Harriet Syme and Colleagues RVC
As part of ongoing research into Feline Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) at the Royal Veterinary College, and the Clinical Investigation Centre (CIC) is working with an animal health company to verify the efficacy of a novel palatable phosphate binder that will hopefully proceed to drug registration.
Recruited cases with be entitled to free diagnostic tests including initial ultrasound, serial biochemistry, urinalysis, blood pressure analysis and fundic examination. In addition to comprehensive investigation of renal disease by internal medicine clinicians with a special interest in this field
Voucher will also be provided to assist with ongoing care at the referring practice
Further details ( including contacts) about the project can be found in the WIKI of the SAMSOC website
Other projects posted on the SAMSOC website ( within the Wiki)
· Brain Catchpole and Lucy Davidson are collaborating with a number of centres to investigate the genetic basis of several canine endocrine disorders. They are keen to recruit samples (serum and EDTA blood) from dogs suffering from a number of endocrine disorders – see wiki section
· Stijn Nelson’s Diabetes Treatment Survey for vets, nurses and owners – further details for case recruitment can be found in the WIKI
NOTE- If you would like to announce recruitment details for a clinical trial, please logo onto to the SAMSoc Wiki or contact a member of the SAMSOC committee.
Feedback Form Responses pre-BSAVA Satellite Meeting SAMSOC 2009
Below you will find feedback from people attending the 2009 SAMSOC satellite meeting. You'll find that the great majority of people had a great day. We hope to use positive and negative comments to make the 2010 meeting even more worthwhile! Do you still want to provide feedback? (even if you did not attend, i.e. why not?), please drop a line on: sniessen@rvc.ac.uk or simply respond to this news item on this website, by hitting the reply button.
Regards,
SAMSOC Programme Committee
Administration/facilities: Responses (%)
Registration procedure
1. Poor 0 0%
2. Adequate 0 0%
3. Good 7/22 32%
4. Excellent 15/22 68%
Lecture room facilities
2. Adequate 5/22 23%
3. Good 13/22 59%
4. Excellent 4/22 18%
Comments: too cold (6/22), noisy at times (1/22), chairs too close to screen (1/22), liked set-up with tables more (1/22)
Quality and quantity of refreshments
2. Adequate 1/22 4.5%
3. Good 11/22 50%
4. Excellent 9/22 41%
Comments: nice biscuits (1/22); excellent lunch (1/22), cold tea (1/22)
Value for money
3. Good 9/22 41%
4. Excellent 13/22 59%
Programme/lectures
1. Thoracic CT
a. Delivery
i. Poor 0 0%
ii. Adequate 0 0%
iii. Good 8/22 36%
iv. Excellent 13/22 59%
b. Content
iii. Good 7/22 32%
iv. Excellent 14/22 64%
c. Notes
ii. Adequate 1/22 5%
iii. Good 10/22 45%
iv. Excellent 9/22 41%
d. Good choice for program?
Comments: 1/22: very educational and helpful to have images
2. Thoracoscopy for medics
iii. Good 9/22 41%
iii. Good 11/22 50%
iv. Excellent 10/22 45%
iii. Good 17/22 77%
iv. Excellent 4/22 18%
ii. Adequate 6/22` 27%
iv. Excellent 8/22 36%
Comments: 1/22 excellent images of thoracoscopy
3. Case reports
iii. Good 15/22 68%
iii. Good 14/22 64%
i. Poor n/a
ii. Adequate n/a
iii. Good n/a
iv. Excellent n/a
Comments: 1/22: would like notes for this as well
iv. Excellent 10/22 44%
4. Current management of diabetes mellitus in people
ii. Adequate 2/22 9%
iii. Good 12/22 55%
iv. Excellent 7/22 32%
Comments: 8/22: notes poor since missing
iv. Excellent 11/22 50%
Comments: 1/22: very interesting
5. A logical approach to changed mental status
iii. Good 1/22 5%
iv. Excellent 20/22 91%
iii. Good 2/22 9%
iv. Excellent 19/22 86%
iii. Good 4/22 18%
iv. Excellent 15/22 68%
iii. Good 3/22 14%
iv. Excellent 18/22 82%
Comments: 1/22: Really excellent; 1/22: excellent presentation and case studies
6. Interpretation of bone marrow cytology
ii. Adequate 7/22 32%
iv. Excellent 12/22 55%
ii. Adequate 5/22 23%
ii. Adequate 3/22 14%
iv. Excellent 6/22 27%
Comments: 1/22: very entertaining!
Comments: 1/22: very entertaining, excellent pictures of cytology; very helpful; 1/22: good choice for program but turned into a list
General individual comments
1. I wonder if too many topics were quite specialist this year; ie maybe great for us academics but not so attractive for practitioners?
2. Later start (10am – or even 9.30am); reduced registration fees for interns/residents; no lunch in place of reduced rate
3. Really liked the human presentations; please continue with this tradition
4. Might be worth concentrating on 1 or 2 themes for the day? Consider shorter talks? 45 minutes long enough per speaker?
5. Enjoy the human presentation and comparative aspect – please continue this tradition! Excellent day – thank you!
6. Superb meeting, all the practical tips and information were really useful and the speakers were all excellent – more of the same standard next year please!
7. Appropriately pitched for medicine certificate level, would be great to have a specialist day.
8. Initially dubious about the heterogeneous nature of the lectures but actually it worked very well. The case reports are a very good thing – enjoyable to give residents a forum to present cases.
Stijn Niessen 26 June 2009
Membership renewal information attached.
David has been an elected member of RCVS Council since July 2024 and is currently Professor of Bovine Medicine, Production and Reproduction at Bristol Veterinary School, as well as an RCVS-recognised Specialist in Cattle Health and Production and a European Veterinary Specialist in Bovine Health Management.
He said: “The veterinary professions stand at a defining moment.
"The Competition and Markets Authority investigation and hoped for legislative reform will shape the future of veterinary regulation, practice, and professional standards.
"At such a time, the professions and the public need the RCVS to provide steady, confident, and principled regulation and direction, guided by experience, sound judgement, and professional credibility.
"It is a great honour to be elected to this position by my fellow RCVS Council members, and I look forward to working with them, VN Council members and RCVS staff.
"As Junior Vice-President I will bring experience, judgement, and a collaborative, person-centred approach to Council, supporting thriving professionals, promoting equality, diversity, and inclusion, maintaining the highest standards, and ensuring the College regulates transparently and responsibly delivering leadership the professions and public can trust now and into the future.”
https://www.rcvs.org.uk/about-us/councils-and-committees/rcvs-council
It replaces the College’s previous website, which dated back to 2011.
The main change is consolidation of content, with resources previously spread across separate webpages now brought into a single structure.
As part of that, the College says the number of pages has been reduced from more than 1,500 to 600, with content reviewed and rewritten in plain English.
The site has also been redesigned to align with the new RCVS brand and visual identity.
RCVS Council member Linda Ford, who chaired the Website Project Board, said: “This project has been a major undertaking for the College team over the past 18 months… and the 500 or so veterinary professionals and animal owners who have helped us with testing along the way, to ensure the new site works for them.”
https://www.rcvs.org.uk/
I am please to announce that we have our first mini case report posted on the SAMSOC website :-
Pharyngeal pain and oral ulceration as the presenting signs in 2 cases of canine gastric adenocarcinomaZoe Belshaw, MA Vet MB Cert SAM MRCVSHills' Resident in Small Animal Internal Medicine, QVSH, Cambridge.
To view the case report enter the SAMSOC media section here.
If you would like help loading a case report or details of a research project please feel free to contact me or any other member of the SAMSOC committee
All the best
Ian
The online invitation survey was conducted among 6,500 pet owners from around the world, 1,000 of whom were based in the UK.
Whilst the survey didn't glean any further information about the nature of the infections, such as what percent of them were endoparasites versus ectoparasites, it did reveal that 61% of respondents said their pet experienced discomfort or illness, 39% said they showed behavioural changes and 38% reported that it made them feel anxious.
However, 38% see a parasite infection as not serious or just slightly serious.
Seventy per cent of owners said they get their parasite information from vets, compared to 43% from the internet.
Forty-five per cent use prescription treatments and 40% use vet-administered treatments in a clinic.
According to the company, 71% of UK pet owners said they would like clearer guidance on parasite protection, yet 35% have not been informed about parasite risks in their area by their vet.
Ian Wright MRCVS, Chairman/Director of ESCCAP (European Scientific Counsel Companion Animal Parasites), said: "It has never been more important to be aware of parasites and the risk to companion animals – the increased movement of pets and people, as well as climate change, has fuelled a rapid shift in the distribution of parasites and their proximity to pets.
"Pets can carry parasites which affect animal and human health - although there are familiar types, such as fleas – we need to be vigilant for unexpected parasites moving into new countries and regions.
"With simple precautions and preventative measures, we can minimise the risk of diseases they may bring, and continue to enjoy the wonderful benefits of pet ownership."
Just as a reminder i have pasted below from our SAMSOC WIKI the studies that recruiting cases
If you have a project you would like to post in the wiki drop me a line ( iab@vetspecialists.co.uk) and i can sort it out for you.
As before i will send a list of all projects around to members from time to time (Just to keep them relatively fresh in peoples minds).
The plan includes a redesigned digital experience to give members access to BSAVA clinical resources and the launch of LUMOS, which is billed as a new, modern, flexible CPD programme and platform.
The Association is also developing its AI-powered search tool call Rover, which will help clinicians navigate BSAVA resources at the point of care, including the Formulary, Manuals and Library content.
A redesigned BSAVA mobile app is also in the pipeline, along with regional and digital community spaces to help members stay connected between events.
Stacy Woodman, Interim CEO of the BSAVA, said: "The small animal veterinary profession is evolving rapidly, and the BSAVA must evolve with it.
"Our new strategy focuses on making knowledge, learning and professional support easier to access throughout a veterinary professional's career."
She added: "We're revitalising our simple but powerful premise of 'the profession supporting the profession' and are encouraging our members to share their views by taking part in our ongoing Membership Survey and helping to create a BSAVA for the future."
https://research.potentia-insight.co.uk/survey/selfserve/53b/2602105?list=1
The programme is a 12-month, work-based postgraduate programme for practising veterinary surgeons validated by the University of Lancashire.
The Standard PgCert Pathway remains available for vets who want to develop their small animal surgery skills, build clinical confidence and gain a postgraduate qualification without a formal final examination.
The new PgCert Synoptic Pathway is designed for vets who want their qualification to support a future application for RCVS Advanced Practitioner status.
Students on this route complete the same PgCert programme, with an additional synoptic assessment after the taught modules.
CPD Solutions says this gives them the opportunity to demonstrate integrated clinical reasoning and apply their learning to new and unfamiliar case scenarios.
Passing the Synoptic Pathway award means the qualification can be used as part of an application for RCVS Advanced Practitioner status, subject to meeting the wider RCVS criteria.
Susie Coughlan, Managing Director of CPD Solutions (pictured), said: "This is an important step for our PgCert students and for vets who want postgraduate training that is both clinically useful and professionally meaningful.
"Our Small Animal Surgery PgCert has always been built around practical confidence, clinical reasoning and reflective development.
"Our wider aim is to give vets clear, practical and university-validated postgraduate pathways that support both clinical confidence and professional recognition."
Please see attached file for information on submitting clinical research abstracts for BSAVA 2010
Deadline for submissions is October 29th
Serotonin has been implicated in several canine diseases, including myxomatous mitral valve disease, pulmonary hypertension and dilated cardiomyopathy, but direct measurement in blood is challenging because of its short half-life in serum.
In humans, urinary 5‑HIAA is considered a more accurate marker of serum serotonin concentration.
However, whilst urine 5-HIAA has previously been measured in dogs using gas chromatography mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection, these techniques are expensive and not widely available.
For the study, which was funded by BSAVA PetSavers and published in the Journal of Small Animal Practice, researchers collected urine samples from 26 dogs undergoing routine diagnostic evaluation at a referral hospital.
Each sample was analysed using both a commercially available ELISA testing kit, BA-E-1900 from Immusmol, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, the current gold standard method.
The ELISA was found to be reliable with acceptable precision and repeatability, particularly at low concentrations, although it had a slightly higher observed error at higher concentrations.
The researchers recommended further validation work to improve understanding of the various preanalytical factors that may influence measurement of 5-HIAA concentrations.
They also said further work should investigate whether measuring urinary 5-HIAA will be a good surrogate marker for physiologically active circulating serotonin in dogs, and whether it will be useful in studying disease pathogenesis.
Dr Penny Watson, senior author of the study, said: "I am very hopeful that, after further validation, this ELISA will prove to be a reliable, simple and cheap test for 5-HIAA in the urine, facilitating further research into the role of serotonin in the pathogenesis of canine diseases.
"We have long suspected that some individual dogs and breeds may have higher circulating serotonin than others and that this might predispose them not only to heart disease but also some common diseases such as chronic pancreatitis and kidney disease.
"They would also be more susceptible to serotinergic syndrome when medicated with drugs such as tramadol or trazadone.
"Further research in this area would thus be directly relevant to small animal practitioners."
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jsap.70123
LUMOS delivers case-based learning through Foundation, Intermediate and Advanced modules created and reviewed by qualified veterinary professionals.
The platform allows users to complete learning in short sessions, saves progress automatically, and lets learners pause and resume training without losing their place.
Learners can track individual module completions and work towards BSAVA LUMOS Bronze, Silver and Gold Awards.
LUMOS also includes community forums for peer interaction.
It is available to all vets and veterinary nurses, with BSAVA members receiving a 25% discount on all modules.
Pricing ranges from £75 to £400, depending on module level and audience.
Stacy Woodman, Interim CEO at the BSAVA, said: "We are delighted to launch BSAVA LUMOS, our innovative online learning experience developed for small animal vets and veterinary nurses.
"This marks a significant step forward in how the BSAVA supports learning, professional development, and career progression across the small animal veterinary profession."
"Our team of CPD experts, volunteers, and support staff have worked tirelessly to bring LUMOS to life, which has been deliberately designed with flexibility and relevance at its core in response to the changing needs of the profession."
https://www.bsava.com/education/lumos
Cellular haemoglobin concentration mean gives clinicians a direct measurement of the average haemoglobin concentration within individually analysed red blood cells.
Unlike mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, which is a calculated value, cellular haemoglobin concentration mean is measured optically, which Zoetis says provides a more reliable indicator needed when a patient is anaemic and when endogenous interferents, such as haemolysis, are present.
The expansion also includes plateletcrit (PCT) measurement.
Plateletcrit provides the volume percentage of blood occupied by platelets – functionally similar to how haematocrit (HCT) reflects the red blood cell fraction.
Zoetis says PCT helps clinicians better assess platelet production, consumption, and evidence of destruction.
Both new parameters are expected to be available to Vetscan OptiCell users in 2026.
https://www.zoetisdiagnostics.com/uk
The study, which was led by Beth Reilly, Senior Teaching Fellow in Small Ruminant Health and Flock Management at the RVC, and JP Crilly, Lecturer in Small Ruminant Health and Flock Management, used an anonymous online survey distributed to sheep farmers across the UK via social media, with 421 farmers taking part.
The findings showed that 88.8% of respondents had identified orf lesions in their sheep, despite which only 23.8% consulted a veterinarian when orf was suspected.
Farmers reported a median treatment cost of £5 per affected lamb and £100 per affected flock, highlighting the ongoing economic impact of the disease.
Although uncomplicated orf cases do not require antibiotic treatment, topical antibiotic sprays were the most reported treatment used by 65.2% of respondents, while 26.7% used injectable antibiotics and 22.7% reported using both injectable and topical antibiotics.
A total of 13.6% of respondents reported using salt licks as part of orf treatment practices.
Only 34.5% of respondents reported using pain relief in affected animals.
The study also highlighted important human health considerations.
Nearly a third of respondents reported having contracted orf themselves.
Those who reported wearing gloves some or all the time were significantly less likely to contract orf, with their likelihood of infection only 64% of those who never wore gloves.
The researchers say that discussions between sheep farmers and veterinarians should be encouraged to cover current treatment options for orf lesions, the zoonotic risk, the importance of ensuring that other diseases with similar clinical presentations are not overlooked and that antimicrobials are used only when necessary.
Reference