The first reported laparoscopy in a reindeer, and the first reported successful laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy in a deer species.
Despite ruminants large body size, laparoscopy is difficult due to the space occupying rumen, and difficulty of organ retraction.
A further limitation is the need for anaesthesia in non-domestic ruminants, further limiting the operating space available.
First published Thu, Sep 16 2010